Terezin Memorial
press@terezinmemorial.cz
Bohumil Janda (drawing), Josef Koenigsmark (poem), Sputh – poem with a drawing of inmates unloading coal, Small Fortress Terezín, 1944, 21 x 14.8 cm, PT 8339
Bohumil Janda, Caricature of an inmate pulling a cart, Small Fortress Terezín, 1944, pencil, cartoon, 28.3 x 20.2 cm, PT 11302
Bohumil Janda, Caricature of an inmate sitting in a cart, Small Fortress Terezín, 1944, pencil, cartoon, 22.6 x 16.6 cm, PT 11303
Bohumil Janda, Caricature of Heinrich Jöckel, commander of the Police Prison in the Small Fortress (copy), 1972, pencil, paper, 32.8 x 24 cm, PT 6779
Bohumil Janda, Six inmates unloading a coal wagon, Small Fortress Terezín, 1944, pencil, paper, 13 x 17.9 cm, PT 8338

Bohumil Janda

Bohumil Janda was born on October 1, 1914, in Pilsen. He first studied at a high school specializing in technical subjects and then at a teacher-training institute, ending with a successful school-leaving exam. Before the Nazi occupation, he served as a professional Czechoslovak Army officer. Later on, he was assigned to work at the Czech-Moravian Railways in Pilsen. After the Germans broke up the resistance organization Defense of the Nation, a new underground group called the Second Light Clandestine Division (also known as the Second Clandestine Division) formed in the Pilsen region. It aimed to bring together the remaining members of the previous groups and build an underground network with new cells. Bohumil Janda was also one of its members. The Second Light Clandestine Division carried out its resistance activities until the summer of 1944. During the Gestapo’s nationwide search for the functionaries of the underground national committees, records made by one of the leading officials of the Division and containing data on its other members were allegedly seized by the Germans. This led to a large-scale police clampdown in Pilsen and its vicinity. Bohumil Janda was arrested on July 5, 1944 and interrogated at the Gestapo office in Pilsen. Together with other detained people Janda left for the Small Fortress in Terezín on July 12, 1944.

In the Police Prison, Bohumil Janda was assigned to Cell No. 6 in the First Courtyard. Initially, he worked in the Sputh commando, which unloaded coal from trains to boats in Lovosice. In August 1944, he was reassigned from this hard and challenging work to an administrative office (Geschäftszimmer), as the manager of the so-called Effektenraum. He was also moved to live in cell. No. 13. The devastating living conditions in the Small Fortress did not break Bohumil Janda’s spirit to such an extent as to abandon his passion for drawing. After all, he had pursued artwork earlier in his life, drawing, for instance, caricatures of athletes for newspapers. In prison, he secretly made some 50 pen drawings, primarily on toilet paper. These were mostly caricatures of his fellow inmates; some are now part of the Terezín Memorial collection.

Bohumil Janda spent less than three months in Terezín. On October 5, 1944, he and other inmates from Pilsen were deported to the German town of Zwickau. He was kept in a remand facility situated next to the penitentiary. His prison job was gluing paper bags. In addition, he also performed occasional bookbinding and scribing jobs for the local clerks, painting and drawing portraits and designing diplomas, congratulation cards, and other written documents. This earned him better treatment from the prison wardens. Meanwhile, he underwent questioning by an investigating judge. Only several months later, in March 1945, he was sent to a court in the Waldheim penitentiary and tried on April 12, 1945. He was sentenced to 10 years for conspiring to commit high treason against the Reich, abetting the enemy, and wartime espionage. The end of the war came for Bohumil Janda very soon afterward; he was liberated on May 9, 1945.